Contrary to what most people believe, if you try microwaving an ice cube, it doesn’t melt. There’s a strange reason for this.
It’s a bit of a head-scratcher, but here’s why it happens.
How Microwaves Actually Work
To understand what’s going on, let’s start with how a microwave heats food.
Microwaves are created inside the oven by a device called a magnetron.
These waves bounce around the metal walls and get absorbed by the food, making water molecules inside it vibrate, which produces heat.
Foods with high water content, like fresh vegetables, cook faster because there’s more water for the microwaves to act on.
But there’s a popular myth that microwaves are “tuned” to the frequency of water molecules, which is why they work well with liquid water but not ice.
The Myth About Water and Microwaves
That idea, while interesting, is actually not true.
According to experts, microwaves don’t work by matching the natural frequency of water.
Instead, they produce a range of frequencies that interact with food.
The key to how they heat food lies in something called dielectric heating. This is when the electric field from the microwaves forces molecules (like water) to rotate and align with the field.
The molecules bump into each other and that creates heat.
Why Ice Doesn’t Melt as Quickly
The reason ice doesn’t melt easily in a microwave has to do with how its molecules are arranged.
In ice, water molecules are tightly bound by hydrogen bonds, meaning they can vibrate but can’t rotate as freely as they do in liquid water.
Without much rotation and fewer collisions between the molecules, less heat is generated.
That’s why the ice stays colder longer compared to the rice or other food around it.
What About Cooking From the Inside Out?
Another common misconception is that microwaves cook food from the inside out.
Actually, it’s the opposite, microwaves heat the outer layers first, and then the heat works its way to the inside through regular conduction.
So, if you do want to melt that ice, the heat from any food around it will eventually help, but it will take a while.
In short, the science behind microwaves is more about dielectric heating than water resonance.
And when it comes to ice, its molecules are just a bit too tightly packed to heat up quickly!
3 Other Experiments You Can Try with a Microwave
Apart from using ice cubes, there are other fascinating and safe experiments that demonstrate how this kitchen appliance works.
Here are three fun and simple experiments you can try at home (with care):
1. Expanding Marshmallows
Marshmallows are filled with tiny air pockets, which make them soft and spongy.
When you microwave them, the water molecules inside heat up, and the air pockets expand, causing the marshmallows to puff up dramatically.
Try putting a marshmallow on a plate and watching it grow, just don’t leave it in too long, or it will collapse into a gooey mess!
Explanation: The heat causes the water inside the marshmallow to turn to steam, while the air trapped in the marshmallow expands as it heats up. Since marshmallows are mostly air, they inflate when microwaved.
2. Microwaving Grapes
Here’s an experiment that has become a viral sensation, but make sure you’re careful with it.
If you cut a grape almost in half (leaving a small piece connecting the two halves), and microwave it for a few seconds, you might witness a tiny spark.
This phenomenon happens because of the unique way microwaves interact with the grapes.
Explanation: Grapes are small and contain lots of water, which allows them to act as a conductor for the microwaves.
The close halves of the grape create an intense electric field, which can ionize the air and produce sparks.
However, this experiment can damage your microwave, so proceed with caution!
3. Making a Soap Cloud
If you’ve ever wondered what would happen if you put a bar of soap in the microwave, you’re in for a treat.
Ivory soap, in particular, expands into a fluffy, cloud-like shape when heated.
The air and water trapped inside the soap heat up, causing the soap to rapidly expand.
Explanation: The air pockets inside the soap expand when heated, and the water vaporizes, puffing up the soap. Ivory soap works especially well because it’s whipped during manufacturing, making it light and full of air.
These microwave experiments are fun ways to explore science in action, but always remember to use caution when trying them out. And be sure to clean up any messes afterward!